FLOP's supply starts at 4.4 billion tokens and grows through block rewards that halve every two years, down to a small permanent tail. All figures below come from the draft Yellow Paper v0.5.0 and its parameter file, so they can still change before mainnet.
Key numbers
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Genesis supply | 4,400,000,000 FLOP |
| Block time | 1 second |
| Block reward at launch | 96 FLOP |
| Halvings | Every 730 days, five times: 96, 48, 24, 12, 6, then 3 |
| Perpetual tail | 3 FLOP per block from day 3,650, or 94,608,000 FLOP per year |
| Team and Foundation subsidy | 8 FLOP per block each at launch, halving with the reward and ending on day 3,650 |
| Total subsidy | 1,955,232,000 FLOP |
| Supply after 10 years | About 18.09 billion FLOP |
| Decimals | 18 |
Genesis allocation
At genesis, the entire supply sits in four buckets. The Yellow Paper rules out any VC pre-mint, auction or team allocation.
| Bucket | FLOP | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Miner airdrop | 1,200,000,000 | 27.27% |
| Validator airdrop, which is the validator bond | 1,200,000,000 | 27.27% |
| Agent airdrop | 1,200,000,000 | 27.27% |
| Ecosystem reserve | 800,000,000 | 18.18% |
| Total | 4,400,000,000 | 100% |
How each bucket is earned and unlocked is covered in the FLOP airdrop guide.
Block reward split
| Recipient | Share | FLOP per block, first two years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Miners | 75% | 72 | Paid for verified inference work |
| Validators | 10% | 9.6 | Split by stake, 1.1x weight for the current finality committee, compounded into locked stake |
| Agents | 10% | 9.6 | Accrues in a protocol pool, distribution policy not ratified yet |
| Stakers | 5% | 4.8 | Accrues in a protocol pool, distribution policy not ratified yet |
Flop Labs and the FLOP Foundation receive their subsidy through a separate mint of 8 FLOP per block each, on top of the 96 FLOP reward. It halves on the same schedule and stops completely on day 3,650.
Emission schedule
Each era lasts 730 days, or 63,072,000 blocks.
| Era | Days | Reward per block | Subsidy per block | New FLOP in the era | Supply at the end |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Era 0 | 0 to 730 | 96 | 16 | 7,064,064,000 | 11,464,064,000 |
| Era 1 | 730 to 1,460 | 48 | 8 | 3,532,032,000 | 14,996,096,000 |
| Era 2 | 1,460 to 2,190 | 24 | 4 | 1,766,016,000 | 16,762,112,000 |
| Era 3 | 2,190 to 2,920 | 12 | 2 | 883,008,000 | 17,645,120,000 |
| Era 4 | 2,920 to 3,650 | 6 | 1 | 441,504,000 | 18,086,624,000 |
| Tail | From 3,650 | 3 | 0 | 94,608,000 per year | About +0.5% per year |
Two things stand out:
- Issuance is front-loaded. The first two years mint about 7.1 billion FLOP, more than the whole genesis supply. The first year alone adds about 3.5 billion.
- There is no hard cap. Like Monero, and unlike Bitcoin, supply keeps growing forever at a low rate once the halvings are over.
17.2 or 18.1 billion? Some early summaries quote about 17.2 billion FLOP after ten years. That figure used the older 3.5 billion genesis supply. Flop Labs later raised the validator bond, which lifted genesis to 4.4 billion and the ten-year supply to about 18.1 billion.
Fees and burns
- Transaction fees: 10% is burned. The ratified target sends 80% to miners and 10% to validators.
- Inference sessions: the agent's escrow pays the miner directly, with no settlement fee. Reserved capacity that goes unused is not refunded.
- Failed sessions: an early-close penalty is burned or sent to the Foundation, never to the miner.
- Slashing: stakes taken from dishonest operators go to the FLOP Foundation.
Stakes and deposits
| Participant | Minimum |
|---|---|
| Validator | 1,200,000 FLOP, with at most 1,000 active validators |
| Miner | 10,000 FLOP plus 0.01 FLOP per GFLOP/s of calibrated capacity |
| Agent identity | 10 FLOP, refundable |
| Publisher | A refundable deposit sized to the model weights it stores |
What is still open
- The unlock rules of the agent airdrop, including the spend-to-unlock ratio and the vesting horizon.
- The distribution policy of the agent and staker block-reward pools.
- Who controls the ecosystem reserve and how it is released.
- How testnet validators convert into the validator cohort.
We update this page when the numbers move. To follow changes as they happen, watch the Yellow Paper repository.